List of Articles Hadi Sayfi Farzad

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  1 - Hydro politic of Helmand River and its spatial reflections in relations between Iran and Afghanistan
  Mahdi Karimi Hadi Sayfi Farzad Ghasem Osuli Odloo Mojtaba Shoeibi
  Water is the origin of life on earth and there is no replacement for it. Unfortunately, transfer and desalination of seawater have a lot of costs. By increase in demands for water resource, and by contamination of surface and underground water, it is considered as impor More

  Water is the origin of life on earth and there is no replacement for it. Unfortunately, transfer and desalination of seawater have a lot of costs. By increase in demands for water resource, and by contamination of surface and underground water, it is considered as important factor in political relations between countries. This may lead to many conflict and dispute over water resource. Inconsistency between Political and natural boundaries caused that more than 40 percent of the world population living in areas that watershed areas are common with other countries. Since the water consumption in upstream of rivers has an increasing trend, subsequently, hydro politic conflicts between societies that living in the upstream and downstream of water resource is increasing, as well as. The Helmand river is a good example for above-mentioned problem. The mean annual Helmand river discharge decreased significantly due to drought events and dam construction in Afghanistan. These factors, result in many Economic, political, social effects. This study aims to investigate the consequences of conflicts over water in Sistan region and spatial reflections of this conflict using descriptive-analytical approach. The results showed that the hydro politic confliction of Helmand river have an important reflection in water crisis in Sistan region and have an important effect in political relations between Iran and Afghanistan. In addition, in inside of Iran have a spatial reflects in economic, social and political dimensions. Manuscript profile