A Critical Analysis of Fair Trial Principles in Criminal Matters within the Iranian Legal System and International Law Standards
Subject Areas : رویه در حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی
1 - Judicial Intern, Training Department, Judiciary, Islamic Republic of Iran
Keywords: Judgment, Fair Trial, Trial Principles, Trial Procedures, Judicial Integrity,
Abstract :
Judging has always been one of the most difficult tasks across all countries throughout history. Even in the sacred Islamic jurisprudence, the role of judges is viewed as a prestigious position, with the highest honor attributed to the Prophet’s successors, especially Imam Ali (PBUH). Different theories have been advanced regarding the judicial process, with some emphasizing that judgment is not merely a task but a role endowed with special responsibilities. Therefore, in all the legal systems worldwide, including Islamic law, specific conditions are set for the selection of individuals for the judicial office, and if these conditions are not met, it results in fundamental issues within the judicial system of that country. Article 163 of the Iranian Constitution also outlines specific criteria for judges, referring to the necessity of fulfilling religious and legal standards. One of the most important obligations a judge must adhere to, in addition to legal provisions, is the adherence to the principles and procedures of fair trial, which are essential for ensuring justice in a legal system. The violation or disregard of these procedures not only disturbs the fairness of the judicial process but also undermines the judicial authority and credibility. Given the significance of maintaining these principles in judicial practice, this research employs a library-based methodology to analyze the principles of a fair trial in the Iranian legal system. The study examines various standards and procedural regulations that are critical for preserving fairness, such as the right to a public hearing, the right to a defense, and the independence of the judiciary. Violating these rights leads to substantial legal consequences for the accused and judicial officials. The objective of this investigation is to highlight the importance of observing these standards for the legal system and society at large.
ﺑﺎﻗﺮي ﻧﮋاد، زﻳﻨﺐ (١٣٩٤)، اﺻﻮل دادرﺳﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﺮي، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎراتﺧﺮﺳﻨﺪي.
ﺟﻌﻔﺮي ﻟﻨﮕﺮودي، ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ (١٣٧٦)، ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻨﻮﻟﻮژي ﺣﻘﻮق، چ ٨، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﻨﺞ داﻧﺶ.
ﺟﻌﻔﺮي ﻟﻨﮕﺮودي، ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ (١٣٩٢)، وﺳﻴﻂ در ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻨﻮﻟﻮژي ﺣﻘﻮق، چ٥، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﮔﻨﺞ داﻧﺶ.
ﺧﺎﻟﻘﻲ، ﻋﻠﻲ (١٣٩٣)، ﻧﻜﺘﻪﻫﺎ در ﻗﺎﻧﻮن آﻳﻴﻦ دادرﺳﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﺮي، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻲ ﺷﻬﺮداﻧﺶ.
ﺧﺎﻟﻘﻲ، ﻋﻠﻲ (١٣٩٩)، آﻳﻴﻦ دادرﺳﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﺮي، چ٤٢، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻲ ﺷﻬﺮداﻧﺶ. -٦ رﺳﺘﻤﻲ، ﻫﺎدي (١٣٩٧)، آﻳﻴﻦ دادرﺳﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﺮي، چ اول، ﺗﻬﺮان: ﻧﺸﺮ ﻣﻴﺰان.
زراﻋﺖ، ﻋﺒﺎس، ﺣﻤﻴﺪرﺿﺎ ﺣﺎﺟﻲ زاده و ﻳﺎﺳﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻌﻔﺮآﺑﺎدي(١٣٨٩)، ﻗﺎﻧﻮن آﻳﻴﻦ دادرﺳﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﺮي در ﻧﻈﻢ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻲ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻲ، چ ٥، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﺧﻂ ﺳﻮم.
ﺷﻤﺲ، ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻠﻪ (١٣٨٥)، آﻳﻴﻦ دادرﺳﻲ ﻣﺪﻧﻲ، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات دراك.
ﻃﻬماﺳﺒﻲ، ﺟﻮاد (١٣٩٨)، آﻳﻴﻦ دادرﺳﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﺮي، چ ﭼﻬﺎرم، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﻣﻴﺰان.
ﻏماﻣﻲ، ﻣﺠﻴﺪ و ﻣﺤﺴﻨﻲ، ﺣﺴﻦ (١٣٨٦)، اﺻﻮل آﻳﻴﻦ دادرﺳﻲ ﻣﺪﻧﻲ ﻓﺮاﻣﻠﻲ، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﻣﻴﺰان.
ﻣﺼﺪق، ﻣﺤﻤﺪ (١٤٠٢)، آﻳﻴﻦ دادرﺳﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﺮي، چ ﺳﻮم، ﺗﻬﺮان: اﻧﺘﺸﺎراتﺟﻨﮕﻞ.
ﻫﺎﺷﻤﻲ ﺷﺎﻫﺮودي، ﺳﻴﺪﻣﺤﻤﻮد(١٣٩٠)، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻓﻘﻪ، ج اول، چ ٣، اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ داﻳﺮةاﻟﻤﻌﺎرف ﻓﻘﻪ اﺳﻼﻣﻲ.
ﻣﻮﻟﻮدي، ﻣﺤﻤﺪ، ﺣﻤﺰه ﻫﻮﻳﺪا، ﻣﻬﺪي (١٤٠١)، ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻛﺎرﻛﺮدﮔﺮاﻳﺎﻧﻪ »ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻔﺎت« در دادرﺳﻲ ﻣﺪﻧﻲ، ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺣﻘﻮق ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ (٤)٥٢، .٧٩٨-٧٨١
زاﻫﺪي، ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ، و ﺳﻤﻴﺮا ﺳﺮﮔﺰي(١٣٩٨)، ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻋﺪم رﻋﺎﻳﺖ اﺻﻮل ﻣﻬﻢ دادرﺳﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻲاﻋﺘﺒﺎري راي دادﮔﺎه، ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻲ دادﮔﺴﺘﺮي، (١٠٧)٨٣، .٩٣-٧٩
رﺣﻤﺪل، ﻣﻨﺼﻮر .(١٣٩٧) ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻔﺎت ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ و دادرﺳﻲ و آﺛﺎر ﻣﺘﺮﺗﺐ ﺑﺮ ﻋﺪم رﻋﺎﻳﺖ آنﻫﺎ در اﻣﻮر ﻛﻴﻔﺮي، ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ آﻣﻮزهﻫﺎي ﺣﻘﻮق ﻛﻴﻔﺮي، (١٥)، .١٨٧-١٥٧
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